TOEFL Applicants whose first language is not English and whose degree or equivalent qualification was awarded by an institution where the medium of instruction was not English will also have to meet the English requirements. Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) Paper-based test (PBT) score ≥ 550 Internet-based test (iBT) score ≥ 80 N.B. TOEFL scores are valid for two years from the test date. IELTS Applicants whose first language is not English and whose degree or equivalent qualification was awarded by an institution where the medium of instruction was not English will also have to meet the English requirements. International English Language Testing System (IELTS) overall score ≥ 6.0, all sub-scores ≥ 5.5 N.B. IELTS scores are valid for two years from the test date. GRE An applicant must demonstrate his/her capability for graduate studies by obtaining a satisfactory score in the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT), Graduate Record Examinations (GRE), or other equivalent means. The test score is not the primary deciding factor for admission to doctoral studies. GMAT An applicant must demonstrate his/her capability for graduate studies by obtaining a satisfactory score in the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT), Graduate Record Examinations (GRE), or other equivalent means. The test score is not the primary deciding factor for admission to doctoral studies. However, applicants with a GMAT score below 600 must have a strong academic record and/or extensive experience in their chosen field to demonstrate their potential.