牛津數(shù)學(xué)家詹姆斯·梅納德(James Maynard)獲得2022年菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)
指南者留學(xué)
2022-07-05 12:19:26
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<h2 class="heading-2 ace-line old-record-id-doxcnM6cGOmwq6GI0QBDyp0u7dd" style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span class="p">詹姆斯·梅納德(James Maynard)教授被評(píng)為2022年菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)(Fields Medal)的四位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧?,該?jiǎng)?wù)率?0歲以下最負(fù)盛名的數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。</span></strong></h2>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnYkigSimYIi8oqy6OsgIpMc" style="text-align: justify;">菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)旨在表彰現(xiàn)有工作和未來(lái)成就承諾的杰出數(shù)學(xué)成就。菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)通常被描述為諾貝爾數(shù)學(xué)獎(jiǎng),每四年頒發(fā)給四十歲以下的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)摺?lt;/div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnmiyyoY66G68auAyc3jwjif" style="text-align: justify;">牛津大學(xué)<a href="https://www.maths.ox.ac.uk/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">數(shù)學(xué)研究所</a>的James Maynard教授因其對(duì)解析數(shù)論的“驚人貢獻(xiàn)”而被授予2022年菲爾茲獎(jiǎng),“這導(dǎo)致了對(duì)素?cái)?shù)結(jié)構(gòu)和丟番圖近似的理解的重大進(jìn)展”。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnsagICGMgEI4GmcaRQkAgDb" style="text-align: justify;">“贏得這樣一個(gè)享有盛譽(yù)的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),并得到世界各地同事的這種認(rèn)可,意義重大。想象我的名字和我小時(shí)候讀過(guò)的數(shù)學(xué)巨人一起感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)超現(xiàn)實(shí),“梅納德教授說(shuō)。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnumww22ckeeI6y4apFZeoje" style="text-align: justify;">“牛津大學(xué)的系統(tǒng)一直給我很多時(shí)間和自由來(lái)探索我的研究興趣,如果你想在概念上取得重要的進(jìn)步,這種自由是至關(guān)重要的。作為一名研究生,我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)研究產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。我的導(dǎo)師羅杰·希思-布朗(Roger Heath-Brown)教授非常支持我,在我剛開(kāi)始時(shí)幫助我取得了巨大的發(fā)展。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnISiysiOCQEOO4YOoNb6sbb" style="text-align: justify;">作為數(shù)論領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)軍人物之一,梅納德于2017年成為牛津大學(xué)數(shù)論教授。他的大部分職業(yè)生涯都集中在研究數(shù)論中一些最著名的問(wèn)題,特別是圍繞素?cái)?shù)的分布和結(jié)構(gòu)。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnCoCKC2oCOIOQIFGi3vidYb" style="text-align: justify;">質(zhì)數(shù),可以被自己和一整除,幾千年來(lái)一直讓數(shù)學(xué)家著迷,但仍然提出了許多基本問(wèn)題。在他關(guān)于分布的研究中,梅納德已經(jīng)證明,有時(shí)素?cái)?shù)比平均值稀疏得多,這是一個(gè)著名的埃爾德什問(wèn)題,幾十年來(lái)沒(méi)有取得定性進(jìn)展。</div>
<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnIQqUuOo0OMcG0yp8PtMUmg" style="text-align: justify;">梅納德還在丟番圖近似方面進(jìn)行了基礎(chǔ)研究,與蒙特利爾大學(xué)副教授Dimitris Koukoulopoulos于2019年解決了1941年的Duffin-Schaeffer猜想。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn62kYYQ0osSCIU99LvdS7Zg" style="text-align: justify;">他的最新工作是關(guān)于殘差類(lèi)中素?cái)?shù)分布的一系列工作,這些工作將原理擴(kuò)展到廣義黎曼假設(shè)之外 - 一個(gè)關(guān)于素?cái)?shù)分布的理論。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcn6yi08I2228G6W2LpyN5dNg" style="text-align: justify;">自20世紀(jì)30年代以來(lái)一直授予菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)的國(guó)際數(shù)學(xué)聯(lián)合會(huì)(International Mathematical Union)描述了梅納德的方法:“他的工作非常巧妙,經(jīng)常在當(dāng)前技術(shù)似乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要問(wèn)題上取得令人驚訝的突破。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnCMsCwQmwu6222ZMuB4rK4e" style="text-align: justify;">梅納德熱衷于鼓勵(lì)其他人進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域:“我當(dāng)然希望這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)可以幫助鼓勵(lì)下一代數(shù)學(xué)家對(duì)數(shù)論研究感興趣 - 最近在老問(wèn)題上有許多令人興奮的發(fā)展。</div>
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<div class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-doxcnWeSi0Oq0qAUkiovfvYkdsd" style="text-align: justify;">2022年菲爾茲獎(jiǎng)的其他三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呤侨諆?nèi)瓦大學(xué)的Hugo Duminil-Copin,普林斯頓大學(xué)的June Huh和洛桑聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院(EPFL)的Maryna Viazovska。</div>
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